Key adaawx of each Tsm’syen tribe

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Key Adaawx of Each Ts’msyen Tribe

Adaawx are the true historical records of the Ts’msyen people. They carry law, land title, responsibility, and precedent under *ayaawx*. Each Ts’msyen tribe holds key adaawx that ground its relationship to territory, governance, and identity.

This page does not retell or interpret adaawx. It acknowledges their role and location within Ts’msyen law while respecting authority, protocol, and limits on disclosure.

Foundational Understanding

Adaawx are not general stories.

They are:

  • legal records
  • land and title histories
  • accounts of lawful acquisition and responsibility
  • precedents for conduct and governance
  • teachings about consequence and balance

Each adaawx belongs to specific houses (*wilp*) and is carried through proper authority.

Adaawx and Tribal Identity

Each Ts’msyen tribe is grounded in adaawx that:

  • explain origin and settlement
  • establish territorial relationships
  • define stewardship obligations
  • record alliances, conflicts, and resolutions
  • connect houses across generations

Tribal identity is inseparable from these records.

Lax Kw’alaams (Port Simpson)

The adaawx associated with Lax Kw’alaams include:

  • coastal settlement and estuary stewardship
  • maritime law and travel
  • trade and inter-Nation relations
  • consolidation of multiple Ts’msyen lineages
  • feast-based confirmation of authority

These adaawx reflect the convergence of many houses and responsibilities at Lax Kw’alaams.

Kitselas (Gitselasu)

Key adaawx of Kitselas include:

  • control and stewardship of Kitselas Canyon
  • river law and passage
  • defense and regulation of travel routes
  • fishing sites and inland authority
  • compensation and restoration following conflict

These adaawx establish inland jurisdiction and responsibility along the Skeena River.

Kitsumkalum (Gitsumkalum)

Key adaawx of Kitsumkalum include:

  • plateau and river junction stewardship
  • inland resource governance
  • relations with neighboring tribes
  • movement between coastal and inland systems
  • balance between river and land obligations

These adaawx ground Kitsumkalum authority in inland territory and stewardship.

Gitxaala (Kitkatla)

Key adaawx of Gitxaala include:

  • open-ocean authority and maritime law
  • island and saltwater stewardship
  • sea travel and navigation protocols
  • inter-Nation diplomacy
  • harvesting and protection of marine resources

These adaawx establish Gitxaala as a saltwater people with deep maritime responsibility.

Gitga’at (Hartley Bay)

Key adaawx of Gitga’at include:

  • inlet and fjord stewardship
  • safe passage and hospitality
  • relations with neighboring coastal Nations
  • protection of marine ecosystems
  • response to harm and restoration

These adaawx ground Gitga’at authority in coastal inlets and shared waters.

Metlakatla (BC)

Adaawx associated with Metlakatla (BC) include:

  • movement and resettlement
  • continuity of Ts’msyen law under changing conditions
  • adaptation while retaining ayaawx
  • maintenance of house authority despite relocation

These adaawx reflect resilience and continuity rather than origin alone.

Metlakatla (Alaska)

Adaawx connected to Metlakatla (Alaska) include:

  • migration and re-establishment
  • carrying Ts’msyen law beyond original territory
  • maintaining identity across borders
  • challenges of external governance systems
  • preservation of house and clan continuity

These adaawx demonstrate that law travels with the people.

Authority and Access

Not all adaawx are public.

Access depends on:

  • house authority
  • role and responsibility
  • context and purpose
  • Elder guidance
  • protocol and consent

This page does not replace lawful transmission.

Teaching and Transmission

Adaawx are transmitted through:

  • oral teaching
  • feast and witness
  • apprenticeship
  • lived relationship to place
  • correction and repetition

Recording supports memory but does not replace authority.

Protection Against Misuse

Adaawx must be protected from:

  • selective quotation
  • removal from context
  • reduction to folklore
  • external reinterpretation
  • unauthorized publication

Misuse of adaawx is a breach of ayaawx.

Continuity

Key adaawx of each Ts’msyen tribe ensure:

  • continuity of land and title
  • clarity of responsibility
  • guidance for future generations
  • coherence of Ts’msyen law

Where adaawx are respected, Ts’msyen law remains whole.

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