Land disputes are addressed through Tsm’syen law

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Land Disputes

Land disputes are addressed through Tsm’syen law.

Disputes concerning laxyuup are resolved according to Tsm’syen law, guided by ayaawx and informed by adaawx. No dispute over land is resolved solely through assertion, force, or external authority.

Land disputes may arise from:

  • overlapping or unclear boundaries,
  • competing claims of responsibility,
  • unlawful use or harm,
  • breakdowns in recognition or conduct.

Resolution is grounded in:

  • lawful responsibilities of houses, clans, and the Nation,
  • historical record and witnessed adaawx,
  • conduct of the parties involved,
  • and the need to restore balance.

Processes may include:

  • engagement between affected houses,
  • guidance from elders,
  • witnessing to ensure legitimacy and memory,
  • restorative measures to repair harm.

Unilateral resolution undermines law. Lawful resolution requires recognition, restraint, and adherence to Tsm’syen legal order.